Anusha KS1,
Prabhu MH2*, Dombale VD3
1Assistant Professor, Dept. of Pathology, S.
Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkote, Karnataka, India
2Associate professor, Dept. of Pathology, S.
Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkote Karnataka, India
3Professor, Dept. of Pathology, S. Nijalingappa
Medical College, Bagalkote, Karnataka, India
*Address for Correspondence: Dr. Prabhu
M H, Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, S. N.
Medical College, Navnagar, Bagalkote- 587103, India
ABSTRACT- Introduction: Leprosy one of the oldest and chronic infectious
disease caused by Mycobacterium
leprae. Leprosy is widely prevalent in India. Most of the
cases present as hypopigmented patches or erythematous lesions over skin.
However on histopathology these lesions show a wide spectrum of changes and
variations.
Material And Methods: A retrospective study of diagnosed cases
of leprosy on skin biopsy in Department of Pathology, S Nijalingappa Medical
College from January 2015 to January 2016. Total of 63 cases were re-evaluated
and classified according to Ridley-Jopling classification.
Results: Lesions were most oftenly seen in middle
aged patients and most common symptom was hypopigmented patch (68.2%). Based on
Ridley-Jopling classification, most cases were lepromatous leprosy (23.8%)
followed by borderline lepromatous type (22.2%), indeterminate type (22.2%),
tuberculoid leprosy (6.3%), borderline tuberculoid leprosy (17.4%) and
borderline borderline leprosy (7.9%). Wade-Fite staining was done in 42 cases
out of which 17 cases showed positive for acid-fast bacilli. Also noted that
the bacilli load was >2+ in lepromatous spectrum.
Conclusion: Histopathology remains the important tool
to diagnose the subtype of leprosy lesions. Lepromatous leprosy is most often
associated with high bacterial load.
Key-words- Histomorphological Spectrum, Lepromatous spectrum, Mycobacterium leprae, Leprosy
